What is OSI?
Let’s first understand what a protocol is before we can understand why OSI was created. Most people know that a protocol is a way for computers to communicate with each other. In the beginning, there was a proprietary protocol that was not able to communicate between different devices within a network. It became more difficult to use different devices made by different manufacturers. This led to standard protocols being created. Open standards are not exclusive to any one company, but are common across all companies. This allowed us to use any device from any vendor within a network.
Open standard protocols were necessary for network communication to function effectively. This allowed devices with different software to coexist. OSI is a reference model that explains how information flows in a network. How communication occurs between two devices within a network.
It is a reference model that applications use to communicate over a network. It is known as Open System Interconnection, because it is expected that it will help developers understand the importance and inter-operability in the software applications they create. It focuses primarily on communication, which is the core strength of a network. OSI states that telecommunication flows through the seven layers between the source computer and the network, and then through the layers at the destination.
Let’s look at the seven layers that this data flows through:
Layer 7 Application layer: A set of services that an application should have access to, or in some cases the application itself.
Layer6 Presentation Layer: Here data can be converted from one format to another.
Layer 5 Session Layer: This layer deals with authentication and reconnection in the event of an interruption.
Layer4 Transport Layer: This layer focuses on separating data into multiple packets and transporting them at the destination. It also checks for errors.
Layer3 Network layer : This layer focuses primarily on routing data in the right direction.
Layer2 Data Link Layer: This layer deals in link establishment.
Layer1 Physical layer: This layer is responsible for the transmission and reception signals at all levels.

It makes it easy for network administrators to manage seven layers. Communication can be broken down into smaller parts that are easier to manage. The changes made to one layer will not impact the others. It allows different types of hardware and other software components to communicate over a network. It makes it easier to troubleshoot and understand the complex system by breaking it down into smaller parts.
An OSI model can provide many services to ensure data transmission in a network.
Data segmentation: Data are divided into smaller packets in order to make them easier to transmit over a network.
Acknowledgment of packets
Error detection
Data encryption: Data encryption is used to protect your data.

This OSI conceptual model is a reference point for all data that must be transmitted over a network. It is clear that data transmission would be difficult without the OSI model. Furthermore, because it is a standard process, it makes it easier to use. It becomes difficult to transmit large amounts of data over a network, without the features mentioned above. The OSI model is the most straightforward option and includes features such as data security, simplicity, and avoiding data redundancy.
It is difficult to imagine a network without the OSI, especially for administrators who manage a lot of information flow within the network.

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